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Bubble Wrap PLUS – October 2023

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Can’t get enough of Bubble Wrap? The Bubble Wrap Plus is a monthly paediatric Journal Club reading list from Professor Jaan Toelen (University Hospitals Leuven) and Dr Anke Raaijmakers (Sydney Children’s Hospital). 

This comprehensive list is developed from 34 journals, including major and subspecialty paediatric journals. We suggest this list can help you discover relevant or interesting articles for your local journal club or allow you to keep a finger on the pulse of paediatric research.

In this issue of the Archives, we read a large retrospective study about gastric acid suppression in infancy and the increased risk of fractures. Admittedly, the risk is small, but it is significant (hazard ratio 1.11). The intriguing finding of this study was the fact that non-fracture injuries increased, which could suggest that another factor (the temperament of the child rather than gastrin or VitB metabolism?) could be responsible for the fractures. As always, more research seems needed. 

In the same journal, we learned that in fetuses with transposition of great arteries (TGA), a better prenatal diagnosis led to poorer early postoperative outcomes. This may be due to the earlier labour induction, but also, in the spontaneous labour group, the effects were similar. Could the additional stress of the diagnosis during pregnancy have an adverse effect larger than we expected?

The mountain scenery in Geneve gave us an insight into a ’natural therapy’ for croup. A study in Pediatrics revealed that a breath of fresh air (<10°C) works well while we wait for the steroids to kick in. The research showed that a 30-minute exposure to outdoor cold air improves croup symptoms before the onset of action of steroids. Do your emergency rooms have access to an outdoor space (specifically cold mountain air)? 

Do we have to give infants with high-grade reflux antibiotic prophylaxis? Many studies have addressed this question in the past decades and contradicted each other. The NEJM published the PREDICT trial, concluding that prophylaxis is ‘statistically’ effective in preventing the first UTI in neonates (albeit a small effect, and it comes at the cost of an increased occurrence of non–E coli organisms and antibiotic resistance). With a number-to-treat of 7, it is doubtful that these results will be of clinical benefit. So statistically, a ‘yes’, clinically a ‘maybe’…

More and more teenagers are running around with a smartwatch that can monitor their heart rate. This month’s issue of the Journal of Pediatrics included a study that assessed the presence of arrhythmias in pediatric patients who were alerted by their smartwatch data, often in combination with symptoms (78% palpitations). There were a few (15%) true arrhythmias, most tachycardia (SVT, WPW, atrial arrhythmia). Larger studies could assist app designers to incorporate relevant cut-off values for alarms in these devices, yet this may add three more pages to the user license agreements…

You will find the list is broken down into four sections:

1.Reviews and opinion articles

Pathophysiology of primary hypertension in children and adolescents.
Litwin M. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023 Sep 13. 

Posterior fossa tumors in children: current insights.
Formentin C, et al. Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 8. 

The younger the better: importance of age in treatment of childhood obesity.
Jørgensen RM, et al. Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 27. 

From ACEs to early relational health: Implications for clinical practice.
Williams RC. Paediatr Child Health. 2023 Sep 23;28(6):377-393. 

Evaluation and management of enuresis in the general paediatric setting.
Harris J, et al. Paediatr Child Health. 2023 Sep 23;28(6):362-376. 

Clinical Care for People Who Survive Childhood Cancer: A Review.
Bhatia S, et al. JAMA. 2023 Sep 26;330(12):1175-1186. 

Childhood nephrotic syndrome.
Vivarelli M, et al. Lancet. 2023 Sep 2;402(10404):809-824.

2.Original clinical studies

Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Infants with Grade III, IV, or V Vesicoureteral Reflux.
Morello W, et al. PREDICT Study Group.N Engl J Med. 2023 Sep 14;389(11):987-997. 

A Randomized Controlled Trial of a NICU Language Intervention for Parents of Preterm Infants and Two-Year Language Outcomes.
McGowan EC, et al. J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 15:113740. 

Neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 3 years after moderate preterm, late preterm and early term birth: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study.
Hirata K, et al. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2023 Sep 14:fetalneonatal-2023-325600. 

Support for the Use of a New Cutoff to Define a Positive Urine Culture in Young Children.
Shaikh N, et al. Pediatrics. 2023 Sep 11:e2023061931. 

Determining the Best Definition for a Positive Urine Culture in Young Children.
Wald ER, et al. Pediatrics. 2023 Sep 11:e2023062883. 

Pediatric erythema ab igne: clinical aspects and diagnostic issues.
Poddighe D, et al. Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 4. 

Epidemiology of Nontyphoidal Salmonella Bloodstream Infections in Children.
Greenhow TL, et al. Pediatrics. 2023 Sep 6:e2023062357. 

The utility of point-of-care ultrasound protocol to confirm central venous catheter placement in the preterm infant.
Amer R, et al. Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 4. 

Longitudinal Child Growth Patterns in Twins and Singletons in the Upstate KIDS Cohort.
Gleason JL, et al. J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 1:113720. 

When Do Smartwatch Heart Rate Concerns in Children Indicate Arrhythmia?
Dechert BE, et al. J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 1:113717. 

Worse Outcomes From HIE Treatment Associated With Extreme Glycemic States.
Chavez-Valdez R, et al. Pediatrics. 2023 Sep 1:e2023062521. 

Early Glycemic State and Outcomes of Neonates With Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.
Mietzsch U, et al. Pediatrics. 2023 Sep 1:e2022060965. 

Congenital Rubella Syndrome Following Rubella Vaccination During Pregnancy.
Bouthry E, et al. Pediatrics. 2023 Sep 1;152(3):e2022057627. 

Developmental Trajectories of Autism.
Fountain C, et al. Pediatrics. 2023 Sep 1;152(3):e2022058674. 

Quality Improvement to Reduce High-Flow Nasal Cannula Overuse in Children With Bronchiolitis.
Treasure JD, et al. Pediatrics. 2023 Sep 1;152(3):e2022058758. 

Outdoor Cold Air Versus Room Temperature Exposure for Croup Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Siebert JN, et al. Pediatrics. 2023 Sep 1;152(3):e2023061365. 

Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in the Pediatric Emergency Department and Predictors of Poor Outcome.
Suárez-Bustamante Huélamo M, et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2023 Sep 4. 

Imported Malaria in Children: A Study Over an 11-Year Period in Brussels.
Selimaj , et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2023 Sep 1;42(9):733-738. 

Self-Reported Effects of Diet on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Healthy Children.
Telborn L, et al. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2023 Sep 1;77(3):433-438. 

Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection in children on kidney replacement therapy: a pilot study.
Samaey A, et al. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023 Sep 30. 

Procedural sedation programme minimising adverse events: a 3-year experience from a tertiary paediatric emergency department.
Erumbala G, et al. Arch Dis Child. 2023 Sep 29:archdischild-2023-326021. 

Clinical Features and Follow-up of Referred Children and Young People With Long COVID.
Weakley KE, et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2023 Sep 21. 

Active production of music as distraction for venipuncture in children and adolescents: a randomized clinical trial.
Obersnel M, et al. Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 29. 

Association of maternal risk factors with infant maltreatment: an administrative data cohort study.
Smith JN, et al. Arch Dis Child. 2023 Sep 27:archdischild-2022-325239. 

Association of early-life exposure to acid-suppressive therapy and fractures during childhood: a retrospective cohort study.
Achler T, et al. Arch Dis Child. 2023 Sep 27:archdischild-2023-325802. 

Potential benefits of prenatal diagnosis of TGA in Australia may be outweighed by the adverse effects of earlier delivery: likely causation and potential solutions.
Namachivayam SP, et al. Arch Dis Child. 2023 Sep 26:archdischild-2022-324861. 

Early factors associated with continuous positive airway pressure failure in moderate and late preterm infants.
Tourneux P, et al. Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 26. 

Caring for the hypertensive newborn: a prospective evaluation of risk factors, clinical profile, management, and predictors of outcome of neonatal hypertension.
Amrit A, et al. Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 23. 

Early sleep duration trajectories and children’s cognitive development: a prospective cohort study.
Zhou J, et al. Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 22. 

Prospective cohort study of neurodevelopmental outcomes following extreme neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in Australia.
McGillivray AJ, et al. J Paediatr Child Health. 2023 Sep 19. 

Educational achievement to age 11 years in children born at late preterm and early term gestations.
Copper C, et al. Arch Dis Child. 2023 Sep 18:archdischild-2023-325453. 

Music Therapy During Basic Daily Care in Critically Ill Children: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial.
Mounier S, et al. J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 16:113736. 

Effect of Extracurricular After-School Physical Activities on Academic Performance of Schoolchildren: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.
Wang D, et al. JAMA Pediatr. 2023 Sep 18:e233615. 

Screen Time and Developmental Performance Among Children at 1-3 Years of Age in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study.
Yamamoto M, et al. JAMA Pediatr. 2023 Sep 18:e233643. 

Low-Carbohydrate Diets in Children and Adolescents With or at Risk for Diabetes.
Neyman A, et al. Pediatrics. 2023 Oct 1;152(4):e2023063755

Two-Year Outcomes After Minimally Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants: Follow-Up of the OPTIMIST-A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Dargaville PA, et al. JAMA. 2023 Sep 19;330(11):1054-1063.

4.Case reports

Parsnips and Phytophotodermatosis.
Chene L, et al. J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 9:113727. 

Investigating an incidental finding on abdominal CT scan in a 7-year-old child.
Sutton H, et al. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2023 Sep 8. 

Rhabdomyolysis Due to Influenza Type B and RSV Type B Co-infection: A Clinical Case.
Burzio V, et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2023 Sep 4

Brucellosis With Pericardial Effusion and Splenic Abscess: An Unusual Presentation.
Concha-Mora LA, et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2023 Sep 1;42(9):e357-e358. 

An exceptional cause of polyuria-polydipsia syndrome in a 10-year-old boy.
Boussetta A, et al. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023 Sep 22

If we have missed out on something useful or you think other articles are absolutely worth sharing, please add them in the comments!

Author

  • Anke Raaijmakers is a paediatric nephrologist, currently working as clinician and researcher in Sydney (Sydney Children’s Hospital, Australia). She did her training in Belgium and Australia and previously worked as general paediatrician and paediatric nephrologist in Antwerp (ZNA Jan Palfijn, Belgium). She is passionate about education, teaching, and research and has completed a PhD on health outcomes of preterm infants. Anke strongly believes in the importance of evidence-based medicine, helping to run journal clubs everywhere she works and the BubbleWrapPlus. In her free time, she loves to play hockey and hike with her husband and three kids.

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